Complications of Kidney Stones

An overview of the most common complications of kidney stones.

Most kidney stones pass out of the body in the urinary tract unnoticed. These stones called "silent stones" do not produce any signs or symptoms. However, symptoms may occur if the stones are large enough and lodge as it passes in any part of the urinary tract.

Most complications of kidney stones occur when the stones block the flow of urine or irritate the lining of the urinary tract as it travels.

Some of the complications of kidney stones include:

 Blockage or obstruction of the urinary tract.

When kidney stones enalrge and travel through the urinary tract, it can lodge along the way to cause obstruction. Obstruction can cause pain and, if left untreated, can cause kidney damage and even kidney failure.

 Urinary Tract Infections.

When large stones obstruct the flow of urine, it may set the stage for a urinary tract infection. The obstruction causes a decline or a total blockage in the flow of urine. Bacteria can travel up the urinary tract to cause infections. Urine helps to flush away bacteria - the common cause of infection in the urinary tract - out of the body.

 Kidney damage and kidney failure.

Lodging of stones in the urinary tract can cause an increase in pressure within the kidneys. The increase in pressure could result in damage to the nephrons - the primary filtering units of the kidneys - thus could lead to kidney damage and failure.

 Formation of new stones. Some people who have had kidney stones before are at risk of forming new ones. Other people are also at risk of forming stones if

• it runs in the family
  
• they have other medical conditions
  
• they are males in their 40s or older
  
• they are using medications and other dietary supplements

In some people, dietary and lifestyle changes may be enough to prevent the formation of new stones. However, other people may need also medications, in addition to dietary and lifestyle changes, to prevent reccurence or formation of new kidney stones.

Related Readings

 Kidney Stones
 Types of kidney stones
 Ways to prevent kidney stones

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Kidney and Kidney Stones (KKS) has provided this material for your information. It is not intended to substitute for the medical expertise and advice of your primary health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any decisions about treatment or care with your health care provider. The mention of any product, service, or therapy is not an endorsement by Kidney and Kidney Stones.

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